Silicone elastomer gels are key ingredients for enhancing the sensory profile of premium sunscreens. Their inclusion level in a formula is not fixed; rather, it is flexibly adjusted based on factors such as product positioning, the formulation system, and raw material characteristics—decisions that directly determine the product's texture and stability.
Product positioning and the desired skin feel are primary factors. Sunscreens marketed for oil control, a matte soft-focus finish, and water/sweat resistance require higher inclusion levels to effectively absorb sebum and mitigate the greasiness often associated with UV filters. Conversely, lightweight, hydrating sunscreens require only low inclusion levels to ensure smooth application without causing the product to feel dry or draggy on the skin.
Differences in formulation systems are also crucial. Water-in-water emulsion systems are best suited to low inclusion levels to avoid disrupting system balance and causing phase separation; in contrast, water-in-oil systems, anhydrous balms, and sunscreen sticks offer greater stability and can accommodate higher proportions of elastomer gels. Additionally, high levels of physical UV filters (powders) and oils can consume the gel's absorption capacity, necessitating an increase in dosage to maintain performance.
Furthermore, different grades of gels vary in cross-linking density, solids content, and carrier silicone oil ratios—resulting in significant differences in active ingredient content—which directly impacts the required dosage. Ultimately, the final ratio must be determined by balancing product costs and industry compliance standards, while optimizing the sensory experience, level of protection, and formula stability.